|
(詳細はClamshell Alliance protests at Seabrook Station Nuclear Power Plant and the Abalone Alliance protests at Diablo Canyon Nuclear Power Plant, where thousands of protesters were arrested. Other large protests followed the 1979 Three Mile Island accident.〔Giugni, Marco (2004). ''( Social Protest and Policy Change: Ecology, Antinuclear, and Peace Movements )'' p. 44.〕 A large anti-nuclear demonstration was held on May 6, 1979, in Washington D.C., when 125,000 people〔''D.C. Anti-Nuke Rally Draws 125,000'', WRL News, July–August 1979, War Resisters League, New York, NY〕 including the Governor of California, attended a march and rally against nuclear power.〔Giugni, Marco (2004). ''( Social Protest and Policy Change: Ecology, Antinuclear, and Peace Movements )'' p. 45.〕 In New York City on September 23, 1979, almost 200,000 people attended a protest against nuclear power. Anti-nuclear power protests preceded the shutdown of the Shoreham, Yankee Rowe, Millstone I, Rancho Seco, Maine Yankee, and about a dozen other nuclear power plants.〔Williams, Estha. (Nuke Fight Nears Decisive Moment ) ''Valley Advocate'', August 28, 2008.〕 On June 12, 1982, one million people demonstrated in New York City's Central Park against nuclear weapons and for an end to the cold war arms race. It was the largest anti-nuclear protest and the largest political demonstration in American history.〔Jonathan Schell. ( The Spirit of June 12 ) ''The Nation'', July 2, 2007.〕〔(1982 - a million people march in New York City )〕 International Day of Nuclear Disarmament protests were held on June 20, 1983 at 50 sites across the United States.〔Harvey Klehr. (Far Left of Center: The American Radical Left Today ) Transaction Publishers, 1988, p. 150.〕〔(1,400 Anti-nuclear protesters arrested ) ''Miami Herald'', June 21, 1983.〕 In 1986, hundreds of people walked from Los Angeles to Washington DC in the Great Peace March for Global Nuclear Disarmament.〔(Hundreds of Marchers Hit Washington in Finale of Nationwaide Peace March ) ''Gainesville Sun'', November 16, 1986.〕 There were many Nevada Desert Experience protests and peace camps at the Nevada Test Site during the 1980s and 1990s.〔Robert Lindsey. (438 Protesters are Arrested at Nevada Nuclear Test Site ) ''New York Times'', February 6, 1987.〕〔(493 Arrested at Nevada Nuclear Test Site ) ''New York Times'', April 20, 1992.〕 On May 1, 2005, 40,000 anti-nuclear/anti-war protesters marched past the United Nations in New York, 60 years after the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.〔Lance Murdoch. (Pictures: New York MayDay anti-nuke/war march ) '' IndyMedia'', 2 may 2005.〕〔(Anti-Nuke Protests in New York ) '' Fox News'', May 2, 2005.〕 This was the largest anti-nuclear rally in the U.S. for several decades.〔Lawrence S. Wittner. (Nuclear Disarmament Activism in Asia and the Pacific, 1971-1996 ) ''The Asia-Pacific Journal'', Vol. 25-5-09, June 22, 2009.〕 In the 2000s there were protests about, and campaigns against, several new nuclear reactor proposals in the United States.〔(Protest against nuclear reactor ) ''Chicago Tribune'', October 16, 2008.〕〔(Southeast Climate Convergence occupies nuclear facility ) ''Indymedia UK'', August 8, 2008.〕〔(Anti-Nuclear Renaissance: A Powerful but Partial and Tentative Victory Over Atomic Energy )〕 In 2013, four aging, uncompetitive, reactors were permanently closed: San Onofre 2 and 3 in California, Crystal River 3 in Florida, and Kewaunee in Wisconsin. Vermont Yankee, in Vernon, closed in 2014, following many protests. Protesters in New York State are seeking to close Indian Point Energy Center, in Buchanan, 30 miles from New York City.〔 ==Background== The anti-nuclear movement in the United States have undertaken public protests and acts of civil disobedience which have included occupations of nuclear plant sites. Other salient strategies have included lobbying, petitioning government authorities, influencing public policy through referendum campaigns and involvement in elections. Anti-nuclear groups have also tried to influence policy implementation through litigation and by participating in licencing proceedings.〔Herbert P. Kitschelt. (Political Opportunity and Political Protest: Anti-Nuclear Movements in Four Democracies ) ''British Journal of Political Science'', Vol. 16, No. 1, 1986, p. 67.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Anti-nuclear protests in the United States」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|